LAPPING PISTONS

What generally causes a piston to not operate freely is either a dent in the valve casing (usually caused by a sharp object striking the outside of the casing) or a hard blow to some part of the instrument that may cause either distortion around the ports or a brace to push into the casing wall. If no damage has been done to the casing, then the piston itself is probably bent or damaged in some way.

There are various methods employed in the industry for correcting these problems and as a general rule the best of these methods adhere to one very important principle: the less metal removed from either the casing or the piston the better.

If the casing is dented attempts should be made to safely raise or knock the dent out. Straightening of slide pipes may help to true up a distorted port. Bent or damaged pistons must be straightened, repaired or replaced. Only after these avenues have been thoroughly pursued should any cutting of the metal be done. If the piston is close to performing properly, lapping compound should be used to remove the remaining amount of metal at the trouble area.

If more aggressive cutting needs to be done scrapers or reamers are generally used. The cautious technician, however, will cut or scrape away only enough metal to get the piston working close and then remove the last bit of metal with lapping compound. The actual lapping itself is an easy process and will provide truly professional results.